Book Review First Or Watch The Movie First - 1416 Words

Read the book first or watch the movie first? This is a question I often ask myself when knowing a movie I am about to see is based out of a book. I usually choose based upon the opinions of my friends, many of whom swear â€Å"the book is always better than the movie†. (Kitto, 2011) Often times, I find their opinions are the opposite of mine. We all realize that when taking a book and turning it in into a movie it is impossible to include everything as there are many things that do not transfer well from book to movie. So what then is the key to take a book and make a good film adaptation? â€Å"A great adaptation†¦needs to capture the essence of the book; we want fidelity between the book and the film [but] if a filmmaker does a faithful adaptation to the book the people will say you lack imagination, but if you make a movie without perfect fidelity you run the risk of been chastised by the fans of the book†. (Kitto, 2011) Is the key to making a good film adaptation of a book editing and imagery? It is up to the director and the screenwriter to figure out what parts aren’t needed to tell the story. They also need to calculate what parts can be manipulated around to allow the film to flow in a more fluid way. They also have to find a way to take detailed descriptions in the book and make them come t o life in the film. Without good editing and imagery you can still get a good film, it just won’t be a film that captures the essence of the book. Let’s look at some of theShow MoreRelatedThe Odyssey Book vs. Movie Version1022 Words   |  5 Pagesadvanced technology, we love to watch movies more than we love to read. Sitting in front of a flat-screen TV while eating popcorn and drinking soda would sound much more appealing than reading a book by the fire at night while drinking a frappucino from Starbucks. Now, producers and directors would take successful and famous stories and adapt it into a movie. Sometimes, they would succeed, with examples being the Harry Potter series, which received mainly positive reviews from both critics and the audienceRead MoreOf Mice And Men Film Analysis1577 Words   |  7 PagesOf Mice and Men (1992) Movie Review Of Mice and Men is an action-packed, but peaceful film and novella by John Steinbeck. The movie has been made as an interpretation by Gary Sinise, who is the director and one of the main characters. Of Mice and Men is about George and Lennie (Gary Sinise, John Malkovich) who are very close friends. George is a short and smart man. On the other hand, Lennie is a big man who is mindless. Unlike the book, the movie is very visual with lots of sounds and excitingRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between How Reading A Text Differs From Watching A Film?1407 Words   |  6 PagesSemester B Unit 1 Lesson 7 Introduction and Objective When you compare and contrast something you are looking at similarities and differences. When you read a story, it may have similarities and differences to other stories. When you watch a movie after you have read the book, you may find similarities and differences. Today s lesson objective is: students will be able to compare and contrast how reading a text differs from watching a filmed or live presentation of the text. Take a minute to thinkRead MoreThe Greatest Day Of My Life999 Words   |  4 Pagessafe to infer that many find their comfort with movie theatres. Many of these people like to be engulfed by the story of their movie. My escape, however, comes from just being inside the theatre. There is something magical about theatres that keeps bringing me back. The first time I vividly remember going to the movies was when the second Harry Potter movie released. I finally watched the first movie on our brand new DVD player and read the four books that had been released. When the Saturday cameRead MoreThe Inacurate Representation of the Cyclops Essay examples1421 Words   |  6 Pagescannibal with a big stick roaming the forest and mountains. However, Cyclopes are one of the oldest Greek mythological creatures; they are children of gods and nature spirits who came out wrong. Poseidon was the most common father. Hesiod was one of the first Greek scholars to describe them as three brothers who were primordial giants. Today Cyclopes the media perceptions of Cyclopes has not changed. They are still viewed as rugged human-like monsters with one eye in the middle of their head. Cyclopes areRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book 300 Spartans By Hanson879 Words   |  4 PagesIn the review of â€Å"300 Spartans† by Hanson, he described the movie in an overall positive way. The reason Hanson describes the movie in a positive way is because he stresses that the movie captures the physical characteristics and morals of the battle perfectly. Hanson in his review states that the film is inspired by the comic book called â€Å"Sin City†. It is here that Hanson describes the movie in a positive way for it mimics important scenery and characteristics of human beings just like the comicRead MorePleasantville1586 Words   |  7 PagesUtopia/Dystopia Dr. Viau Pleasantville Pleasantville is a great movie with many hidden messages. The not so obvious but informative messages are one of best aspects of this nineties flick. The special effects are impressive considering this movie is indeed from the nineties. Pleasantville touches base on many actual conflicts in America and throughout history in the most subtle but blunt way. My favorite thing about this movie is how it takes this blind community and shows them what they neverRead MoreA Clockwork Orange : Should Not Be Banned?1344 Words   |  6 PagesA Clockwork Orange: To Ban or Not to Ban? Did you know books could be banned? I honestly didn’t know they can, until my English teacher brought the topic up. So many questions ran through my mind. â€Å"How does a book get banned?† â€Å"Why?† â€Å"How?† Well after doing some research, my questions were answered. Hopefully your questions will be answered too. When a book is in the process of being banned, it first has to be challenged by somebody. â€Å"A book being challenged† is basically by a person or a groupRead MoreFilm Analysis: The Minority Report Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pagesfilm by Steven Spielberg in 2002, the short story to film became a success. Though there are many differences between the book and the movie, one would think Steven Spielberg would not be able to grab audience’s attention, but with his skills, Spielberg went above and beyond all measures. Many times, novels to films end up being either a great hit or a â€Å"Well, why did I watch this?† Some authors choose not to turn their novels/novellas into movies because they are afraid of the outcomes that it mayRead MoreTwilight: A Waste of Time and Money Essay example1043 Words   |  5 Pages740 in just the first weekend alone (imdb, 2008). Directed by Catherine Hardwicke, Twilight is a movie based on the first in a series of four best-se lling novels by Stephenie Meyer. The movies main focus is on a teenage girl named Bella (Kristen Stewart) who moves from Phoenix, Arizona to the town of Forks, Washington to live with her father Charlie (Billy Burke). On the first day of school, she meets Edward (Robert Pattinson), a mysterious guy who, she find out later in the movie, is a vampire. After

School Free Essays

This is the entrance season. Don’t miss the important exams†¦ Whether your interest is in Engineering, medicine, Law or Hotel management, the period between march and may, at times even June is meant for writing a series of entrance exams. Careerists helps you prioritize†¦ Asking endless rounds of post ices and banks is so tiring, cribs Dry Manhandling, a harried father of a 17-year-old. We will write a custom essay sample on School or any similar topic only for you Order Now His daughter is appearing for 10+2 and aspires to be an engineer. He has so far ailed in 11 application forms for efferent state and national-level entrances and a few are to follow. What is making matters worse is the indifference of most of the test-conducting agencies, especially the state-led ones like CBS or NITS. None of them respond, and their phone lines are perpetually busy, laments Manhandling. To help thousands of parents like him, we have put together detailed information on over 50 entrances across the four major disciplines: Medicine, Engineering, Law and Hotel Management. For each of the entrances, we have provided detailed information on the process of form ailing, syllabus, test pattern, counseling process and seats availability. Continuing our tradition, we will also publish advisories on how to crack them. During the course of next three months, in case you have any queries with respect to any of these examinations you are most welcome to call up our helpline number: 011- 40 360 360. Entrance examinations in the country vary in their objective and scale widely. The biggest of course is the JEEZ (Main) which sees over 1. 5 million aspirants. Other private and deemed universities that conduct their own examinations for different programmers get between 5000-30,000 aspirants. It would make sense to appear for good private university entrances because, quite a few of them offer good scholarships for toppers in their respective examinations. Do not miss out on applying to your preferred institutions. Good Luck! ENTRANCE EXAMS MEDICINE iris step that one takes to become a doctor or rather a professional adept in the ‘led of medicine is to opt for subjects in Life Sciences, particularly Biology while in high school. The next step is to prepare for medical entrance examinations, during or after the year of passing class 12, that are held mostly in the month of April, May and June every year. Clearing the exam successfully helps you secure admission in a medical school to undertake an undergraduate medical degree, primarily MOBS or BEDS (Dental). There are slight variations in eligibility norms for various entrances. Usually candidates must be of 17 years of age and must have passed 10+2 from a recognized board with 50/45 percent in the aggregate (40 percent for SC/ SST). The candidates appearing for their board exam in 2014 are also eligible to apply. The candidates must have studied Physics, Chemistry, Math or Biology. Cracking the exam A career in medicine, especially in India with roughly 50,000-odd seats at the undergraduate level is based on your ability to qualify national or state-level tests. You need to test your ability in Physics, Chemistry, Botany and Zoology. In these exams, apart from being accurate, you also need to be alert and very quick. In most of the exams for which we are listing out key information (nature, application procedure, fees, important dates, intake, selection), the answers have to be given in less than a minute per question. The assessment in a way relates to the profession that demands an enquiring mind, the capacity to acquire high levels of knowledge which has to be constantly up-dated, and he ability to relate to people as individuals, each with their own health needs. DRY CUSHMAN BATHWATER Addle. Proof Head, palliative care, Alms Alms has a tradition of research excellence in addition to being world class, provide care and cure. Some of top researchers in the country populate the campus BOCCE Briar Combined Entrance Competitive Examination (BOCCE) is a state-level exam conducted by the Briar Combined Competitive Exam Board for admissions to MOBS, BEDS, Barbara courses in various colleges across the state. Exam type: State-level Selection process: The candidates will be called for counseling on the basis f the result. Application Form/procedure The candidates can acquire the application form from select colleges across Briar or select Canard Bank branches, details of which can be CAREERS FEBRUARY 2014 found on the social website The candidates can also acquire the form through post by sending the AD to the BOCCE Board. I The facility for online submission of applications might be available for BOCCE on the social website (http://baseboard. Com/Home. PH). Counseling procedure The counseling for BOCCE candidates will be held as per the roll numbers given in the schedule, merit-wise. I Candidates will have to attend the unsealing and go through document verification process at: The BOCCE Board, I. A. S. Association Building, Near Patina Airport,Patina-800014 TRAINING IN specialties help surgeons to keep themselves updated Students have to carry originals of all qualifying exams along with one set of attested copies of the same. Exam pattern: The paper comprises two stages: First stage There are four sections: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Biology. I Candidates have to attempt Physics and Chemistry compulsorily I Candidates opting for MOBS/BEDS should attempt Biology. I The total marks for PC candidates ill be 150 with each subject carrying 50 marks. Second Stage I There are four sections: Physics, Each paper will be for the duration of one-and-a-half hours. And Chemistry compulsorily. I Total marks for each subject will be I There will be a total of 100 questions in each subject I Four marks will be awarded for each correct answer and one mark deducted for every wrong answer Syllabus: The syllabus will be available on the social website of BOCCE and will basically be the same as that of the HAS-level examination. 31 Selection Process: The process begins after both the phases of the examination have been conducted. Then the BOCCE Board declares shortlist students based on the results. It then invites students for counseling and college/course preference. Important dates Commencement of sale of Application Form: January 17, 2014 I Last date of sale of Application Form: February 17, 2014 I Last date of receipt of application form: February 25, 2014 I Date of Examination (First Phase): 13 April, 2014 I Date of Examination (Second Phase): 18 May, 2014 Entrance Exams SEAM Kraal Engineering Agriculture Medical Entrance Examinations (SEAM) is conducted by Choice of the Commissioner for Entrance Examinations, Kraal for admissions to undergraduate professional courses. Selection process: Candidates will be called for counseling based on results of the entrance. Application form/procedure Candidates need to apply online in prescribed SEAM 2014 application form available on the social website (http:// www. CE-kraal. Org/). They need to remit an examination fee of RSI. 800. Counseling procedure: The counseling will be as per the schedule drawn on the merit list rankings. It involves document verification, allotment of seats, payment of admission fees and other formalities. Students must be physically present during counseling and original comments have to be submitted. Exam pattern It is a paper-pencil exam of 2 hours and 30 minutes duration having 120 Multiple Choice Questions (Macs) of 480 marks. Each correct response to the question will be awarded four marks and one mark will be deducted for each incorrect response under negative marking scheme. I Online Application Form: January 10, 2014 – February 5, 2014 I Admit Card: March 24, 2014 I Exam: April 23 and April 24, 2014 (lo:o a. M – 12:30 p. M. ) I Result Declaration: May 20, 2014 WEBBED Medical Conducted by West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination Board, the West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination WEBBED) allows admissions to undergraduate medical and dental courses. Selection Process: The candidates will be called for counseling on the basis of the result. I The interested candidates need to ill in WEBBED Online Application Form through the social website (http:// www. Webb. In/). I The WEBBED application form fees of RSI. 500 can be deposited either online or Allahabad E-Bank Callahan or selected Post Choice. The WEBBED merit rank will be announced soon after the declaration of the results. The counseling for WEBBED will be conducted in three phases. The phases of counseling depend on the umber of meritorious students and the availability of the seats. A fourth round may be conducted if seats are available after the deemed three rounds of WEBBED counseling are concluded. The exam comprises multiple-choice questions with 80% of the total marks and short answer type questions with 20% of the total marks. The total marks allotted for WEBBED 2014 Exam is 200. There shall be a system of negative marking of 33. 33% for every wrong response. Online WEBBED 2014 Application form available from: December 18 to January 25, 2014 I Last date for receipt of confirmation page: February 4, 2014 I -rest date: April 20, 2014. All India Pre Medical/Pre Dental Examination Exam type: National-level I All India pre Medical -rest (MITT) is conducted by CBS for admission to MOBS and BEDS courses. The exam allows ailing 15 percent seats in government colleges. 32 be called for counseling on the basis of Log on to MITT website (http:// mitt. Nice. In/mitt/Welcome. Asps), ill the application form and note down the registration number generated by the system. I Payment of RSI. 1000 can be made through Credit Card/Debit Card or through E-Callahan. I Confirmation page will be generated after payment of fees. Take print -outs f the confirmation page at Part IV of application format and the address slip. Paste photograph on the confirmation and send it to the following address along with E-Callahan Copy (in case payment is made through E-Callahan) by registered/speed post: The Deputy Secretary, MITT unit, Central Board of Secondary Education, Sheikhs Kenned, 2, Community Center, prà ªt Viral, Delhi- 110 301 All original documents are required during counseling – Counseling call letter; Rank Card/Hall Ticket score card; Mark sheets/consolidated mark statement of the qualifying examination; Original degree/provisional certificate; High school (Class X) certificate as proof of date of birth: Community certificate (issued by the competent authority); Demand draft for amount towards part of tuition fee or full tuition fee, whichever is less. How to cite School, Papers School Free Essays This is the entrance season. Don’t miss the important exams†¦ Whether your interest is in Engineering, medicine, Law or Hotel management, the period between march and may, at times even June is meant for writing a series of entrance exams. Careerists helps you prioritize†¦ Asking endless rounds of post ices and banks is so tiring, cribs Dry Manhandling, a harried father of a 17-year-old. We will write a custom essay sample on School or any similar topic only for you Order Now His daughter is appearing for 10+2 and aspires to be an engineer. He has so far ailed in 11 application forms for efferent state and national-level entrances and a few are to follow. What is making matters worse is the indifference of most of the test-conducting agencies, especially the state-led ones like CBS or NITS. None of them respond, and their phone lines are perpetually busy, laments Manhandling. To help thousands of parents like him, we have put together detailed information on over 50 entrances across the four major disciplines: Medicine, Engineering, Law and Hotel Management. For each of the entrances, we have provided detailed information on the process of form ailing, syllabus, test pattern, counseling process and seats availability. Continuing our tradition, we will also publish advisories on how to crack them. During the course of next three months, in case you have any queries with respect to any of these examinations you are most welcome to call up our helpline number: 011- 40 360 360. Entrance examinations in the country vary in their objective and scale widely. The biggest of course is the JEEZ (Main) which sees over 1. 5 million aspirants. Other private and deemed universities that conduct their own examinations for different programmers get between 5000-30,000 aspirants. It would make sense to appear for good private university entrances because, quite a few of them offer good scholarships for toppers in their respective examinations. Do not miss out on applying to your preferred institutions. Good Luck! ENTRANCE EXAMS MEDICINE iris step that one takes to become a doctor or rather a professional adept in the ‘led of medicine is to opt for subjects in Life Sciences, particularly Biology while in high school. The next step is to prepare for medical entrance examinations, during or after the year of passing class 12, that are held mostly in the month of April, May and June every year. Clearing the exam successfully helps you secure admission in a medical school to undertake an undergraduate medical degree, primarily MOBS or BEDS (Dental). There are slight variations in eligibility norms for various entrances. Usually candidates must be of 17 years of age and must have passed 10+2 from a recognized board with 50/45 percent in the aggregate (40 percent for SC/ SST). The candidates appearing for their board exam in 2014 are also eligible to apply. The candidates must have studied Physics, Chemistry, Math or Biology. Cracking the exam A career in medicine, especially in India with roughly 50,000-odd seats at the undergraduate level is based on your ability to qualify national or state-level tests. You need to test your ability in Physics, Chemistry, Botany and Zoology. In these exams, apart from being accurate, you also need to be alert and very quick. In most of the exams for which we are listing out key information (nature, application procedure, fees, important dates, intake, selection), the answers have to be given in less than a minute per question. The assessment in a way relates to the profession that demands an enquiring mind, the capacity to acquire high levels of knowledge which has to be constantly up-dated, and he ability to relate to people as individuals, each with their own health needs. DRY CUSHMAN BATHWATER Addle. Proof Head, palliative care, Alms Alms has a tradition of research excellence in addition to being world class, provide care and cure. Some of top researchers in the country populate the campus BOCCE Briar Combined Entrance Competitive Examination (BOCCE) is a state-level exam conducted by the Briar Combined Competitive Exam Board for admissions to MOBS, BEDS, Barbara courses in various colleges across the state. Exam type: State-level Selection process: The candidates will be called for counseling on the basis f the result. Application Form/procedure The candidates can acquire the application form from select colleges across Briar or select Canard Bank branches, details of which can be CAREERS FEBRUARY 2014 found on the social website The candidates can also acquire the form through post by sending the AD to the BOCCE Board. I The facility for online submission of applications might be available for BOCCE on the social website (http://baseboard. Com/Home. PH). Counseling procedure The counseling for BOCCE candidates will be held as per the roll numbers given in the schedule, merit-wise. I Candidates will have to attend the unsealing and go through document verification process at: The BOCCE Board, I. A. S. Association Building, Near Patina Airport,Patina-800014 TRAINING IN specialties help surgeons to keep themselves updated Students have to carry originals of all qualifying exams along with one set of attested copies of the same. Exam pattern: The paper comprises two stages: First stage There are four sections: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Biology. I Candidates have to attempt Physics and Chemistry compulsorily I Candidates opting for MOBS/BEDS should attempt Biology. I The total marks for PC candidates ill be 150 with each subject carrying 50 marks. Second Stage I There are four sections: Physics, Each paper will be for the duration of one-and-a-half hours. And Chemistry compulsorily. I Total marks for each subject will be I There will be a total of 100 questions in each subject I Four marks will be awarded for each correct answer and one mark deducted for every wrong answer Syllabus: The syllabus will be available on the social website of BOCCE and will basically be the same as that of the HAS-level examination. 31 Selection Process: The process begins after both the phases of the examination have been conducted. Then the BOCCE Board declares shortlist students based on the results. It then invites students for counseling and college/course preference. Important dates Commencement of sale of Application Form: January 17, 2014 I Last date of sale of Application Form: February 17, 2014 I Last date of receipt of application form: February 25, 2014 I Date of Examination (First Phase): 13 April, 2014 I Date of Examination (Second Phase): 18 May, 2014 Entrance Exams SEAM Kraal Engineering Agriculture Medical Entrance Examinations (SEAM) is conducted by Choice of the Commissioner for Entrance Examinations, Kraal for admissions to undergraduate professional courses. Selection process: Candidates will be called for counseling based on results of the entrance. Application form/procedure Candidates need to apply online in prescribed SEAM 2014 application form available on the social website (http:// www. CE-kraal. Org/). They need to remit an examination fee of RSI. 800. Counseling procedure: The counseling will be as per the schedule drawn on the merit list rankings. It involves document verification, allotment of seats, payment of admission fees and other formalities. Students must be physically present during counseling and original comments have to be submitted. Exam pattern It is a paper-pencil exam of 2 hours and 30 minutes duration having 120 Multiple Choice Questions (Macs) of 480 marks. Each correct response to the question will be awarded four marks and one mark will be deducted for each incorrect response under negative marking scheme. I Online Application Form: January 10, 2014 – February 5, 2014 I Admit Card: March 24, 2014 I Exam: April 23 and April 24, 2014 (lo:o a. M – 12:30 p. M. ) I Result Declaration: May 20, 2014 WEBBED Medical Conducted by West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination Board, the West Bengal Joint Entrance Examination WEBBED) allows admissions to undergraduate medical and dental courses. Selection Process: The candidates will be called for counseling on the basis of the result. I The interested candidates need to ill in WEBBED Online Application Form through the social website (http:// www. Webb. In/). I The WEBBED application form fees of RSI. 500 can be deposited either online or Allahabad E-Bank Callahan or selected Post Choice. The WEBBED merit rank will be announced soon after the declaration of the results. The counseling for WEBBED will be conducted in three phases. The phases of counseling depend on the umber of meritorious students and the availability of the seats. A fourth round may be conducted if seats are available after the deemed three rounds of WEBBED counseling are concluded. The exam comprises multiple-choice questions with 80% of the total marks and short answer type questions with 20% of the total marks. The total marks allotted for WEBBED 2014 Exam is 200. There shall be a system of negative marking of 33. 33% for every wrong response. Online WEBBED 2014 Application form available from: December 18 to January 25, 2014 I Last date for receipt of confirmation page: February 4, 2014 I -rest date: April 20, 2014. All India Pre Medical/Pre Dental Examination Exam type: National-level I All India pre Medical -rest (MITT) is conducted by CBS for admission to MOBS and BEDS courses. The exam allows ailing 15 percent seats in government colleges. 32 be called for counseling on the basis of Log on to MITT website (http:// mitt. Nice. In/mitt/Welcome. Asps), ill the application form and note down the registration number generated by the system. I Payment of RSI. 1000 can be made through Credit Card/Debit Card or through E-Callahan. I Confirmation page will be generated after payment of fees. Take print -outs f the confirmation page at Part IV of application format and the address slip. Paste photograph on the confirmation and send it to the following address along with E-Callahan Copy (in case payment is made through E-Callahan) by registered/speed post: The Deputy Secretary, MITT unit, Central Board of Secondary Education, Sheikhs Kenned, 2, Community Center, prà ªt Viral, Delhi- 110 301 All original documents are required during counseling – Counseling call letter; Rank Card/Hall Ticket score card; Mark sheets/consolidated mark statement of the qualifying examination; Original degree/provisional certificate; High school (Class X) certificate as proof of date of birth: Community certificate (issued by the competent authority); Demand draft for amount towards part of tuition fee or full tuition fee, whichever is less. How to cite School, Papers

Franchising & Small Business

Question: Identify an existing independently-operated business (i.e. one that is currently not a franchise organisation) which appears to have the potential to be franchised in order to facilitate future expansion. The organisation you choose must be a real business. It may be located in Australia or internationally. Prepare a report on the feasibility of franchising this organisation. Answer: Introduction: Franchises open new opportunities for the business. It is one of the ways in which the expansion in the business can take place. However it should be taken into account whether the business franchise will bring the necessary benefits for the business and what would be the cost of taking that step. The purpose this feasibility is to identify a business that has not been franchised yet and research on whether it can be franchised or not. Due to limitation of time the research was only conducted from secondary information rather than primary information. Conducting primary research would have given a much accurate representation of business. Research was conducted from a broad range of secondary information such as Internet, books, government database, report from private market research etc. There are a few limitations that may have an effect in concluding accurate recommendations about the business. The limitations include the liability of data collected from secondary source, the env ironment at the time of data collection and how old the data is form the period the feasibility was conducted. The business chosen for the feasibility was a falafel business named Falafel express- Hummus and Falafel Bar. This is one of the leading brands operating in 18 countries. The market share of the Falafel experiences a serious stress due to the increased competition and health consciousness and this report aims at the recommendation of few feasibility options for Falafel one such is franchising (Zomato 2013). This restaurant presents variety of cuisines and has wide network in major countries like US, UK, Australia, and India etc. It basically serves Mediterranean and east Mediterranean as well as Lebanese meals. History of business: An interview was conducted with the business owner regarding the feasibility to gain significant information about the business. The sections below contain an explanation of the answers that was given by the owner. The business is a start-up business. Two friends who have been known each other for 15 years own the business under partnership. They have about four casual staff and work themselves to have full control on business. It is important to work hard for the success of the business.It can help owner understand it customer base and then improve business accordingly. The location of business was chosen after determining a numbers of factors; include personal preference, competitors, transport service availability and globalisation. After determining all the factors mention above the owner choose Surfers Paradise, which is one of the most visited places in Australia and attracts more than 12 million tourists annually (Gold coast city council). The place have transport service available, there is no other business that is selling similar products nearby and is visited by a number of tourist from gulf and south east Asia. They have very cultural base thinking especially when it comes to food. This could be an advantage for the business as it sells a variety of vegetarian and halal foods, which most people from these backgrounds prefer due to cultural heritage. The business sells a variety of vegetarian food, specialist in falafel. The food in menu includes falafel pocket, falafel balls, falafel plate and falafel salad with a combo option of chips and hummus. The product is freshly made in the shop daily to keep their product healthy. They food is also gluten free and vegan which could be an advantage as there are no other shops around the business that sell vegan food. The business is on start up stage and is only six weeks old. The business intends to get its product and services out to end customer through corporate owned outlets. There is only one outlet so far which is in Surfers Paradise but the owner is planning to build more outlets so he can reach as much customer as possible. Owner is promoting business through varies promotional methods like radio, social media, website, business cards, personal canvassing, billboard, pamphlets and through hotels by giving a certain discount to a particular hotel customers and staff. The promotional method was selected which reflect the target market and business product / services. The pricing strategy that the owner selected was based on varies fixed and variable cost that the business deals with. The owner did a market research based on the product that the business was selling and also looked at his personal goals about the business. The prices that the owner selected were similar to any other competitors price bearing in mind that in case of any competition he has enough room to beat his competitors price. The pricing strategy that the owner used to promote his business was promotional discounts. Promotional discount is a discount on a product for a specific period of time (Govt. of WA). Promotional discount is a good strategy for a start-up business to pull customers and increase its maker share in the industry, which will lead to huge profits for the owner in coming years. Market Analysis: Globally, fast food industry has grown in last five years to 55.1 billion USD which is also reflected in the Australia. Fast food industry plays an important role in the Australian society and is a major contributor to the national economy.The Australian fast food industry is made up of approximately 39,584 establishments and 24,734 businesses, many of which are small businesses. It employs over 300,000 employees. In 2012 2013, it generated $15.8 billion in revenue. McDonalds alone has an estimated economic contribution equivalent to 0.2% of Australias gross domestic product and employs over 90,000 Australians. On average Australians eat fast food at least once a week (FSA 2014). Although the industry caters the Australians, the growth of the industry is dramatically affected by the consumer food awareness and health consciousness. The industry has forecasted approximately 1.2% of growth in forthcoming decade. They also expect an increase in Australian GDP to 2.7% (IBIS 2014). Though the matter of fact regarding huge health awareness among Aussies, the growth is also hampered by weaker revenue gain and potent competition from global and local players of fast food industry of Australia (IBIS 2014) is also devastating the business. SWOT Analysis Strengths Strong customer value (Market Research 2014) Increased customer preference Variety of dishes at low cost (Emily 2010) Cheap price in the market (Food Centre 2014) Weakness Lack of proper advertisement and campaigning Untrustworthy suppliers for Falafel (FSA 2014) Lack of consumer awareness Lack of skilled labour (Small Business 2014) Less staff retention rate Lack of potential marketing efforts Opportunities Increased demand for low fat diet among Australians Home delivery and combo plans New or innovative products which reduces the fat and carbohydrates Increased demand for low fat diet. Threats Saturated fast food markets all over the world Increased health consciousness (Simmons et al 2005) Negative publicity about fast foods by many NGOs and health organisations Local competition is strong Increasing craze for global players such as subway, KFC, McDonalds etc (Siwik et al 2006) Suitability for franchising: In the fast paced hustle and bustling work life, quick service restaurants render a great help to many people. Australia has a very massive fast food industry and also CAGR has estimated a dramatic increase in 3.6% of revenue gained via fast food industries to the nation. The current trend of franchising the fast food industry has been commenced in the middle of 1930s (Lowell 2014). Basically, franchising usually targets on the increased volume, less cost of production and rapid production from the restaurant. Generally, the food served is preheated or precooked and for kiosks or stands, the food are shipped or transported from one central location to another location. One of the greatest challenges in fast food industry is the stress over the profit margin. Public awareness over body mass indexing and high fat diet has devastated the business. Franchising structure Falafel can go for multi tier franchising. This involves formation of one or more unit and establishing relationship between two or more firms. This might suit for the Falafel since this option can be greatly helpful for creating huge opportunity, also money and other human resources are easily available from the franchisee which reduces the cost of operation. Another important benefit is risk sharing, the risk shall be easily managed by combining the skills and knowledge of all franchisees in the multi tier unit (MSA 2014). There is an option for consulting with individuals who share the interest in the business which will pave way for the growth and expansion of Falafel express since there is an extra source for business ideas. Rapid cash inflow can be achieved since profit arrives from multiple units. Multi-tier franchising may increase the domestic credibility for the business. Business franchisors can get a crystal clear picture about the demands and competitiveness and extra skills and resources are largely available for managing those competitiveness. Growth Growth is rapid when a business goes for multitier approach of franchising. Since area of development seeds for the principle actor in fast food business and provides the competitive advantage over other domestic and global rivals. This option draws many consumers as well as investors besides providing a brand image. Falafel gets less risk both in terms of finance and administration of the business. Also area development encourages the coordinated development of the business and all franchisors. Only sub franchising is not permitted in this type but entire rights are offered to the franchisor which paves rapid cash inflow (MSA 2013). Support services There are numerous supporting services in Australia in order to support the franchising such as iHR, franchise council of Australia. Franchise brokering, setting a proper fees structure, consulting and setting a justible rates than the competitors can be easily done by such supporting agencies which will promote the business (MSA 2014). Franchise fees and costs There are numerous types of franchisee fees, cost of operation and penalties etc. Also a franchisee must agree to pay cooperative fund which is not revenue to the franchisor (Lowell 2014). They are as follows: (Lowell 2014). Initial fees, one time fees, continuing fees, advertising and marketing fees and measurement of profits whether direct or indirect. (Lowell 2014). Communication systems Communication plays a vital role for franchisor franchisee relationship. Regional and provincial level meetings may be effective way of communication to share the profit, turnover and also share the business ideas and to update brand image, evaluate or assess the progress of the business, predict the returns and profits of business in future, resolving the issues and disputes. E-mail and Skype communication will help greatly and sustain the franchisee-franchisor relationship; Town hall meetings is another best way besides e-mail and telephonic communication with franchisor, face to face meetings may greatly help to communicate on common goals of the business. Chamber of commerce events and carnivals also business meets bi annually or monthly will support the franchisor franchisee relationship greatly (Lowell 2014) . Personal network communication is generally the acquaintances the franchise firms and its administrative band have in their personal-business address books. If somebody possibly will discover an approach to put these people together, make available them the precise communication and facilitate the search the possibility of working together, he may well generate a strong competitive advantage for the firm. The greatest issue in this area is the association of the business partners who works combining. The further stretchy work milieu fashioned by the franchisor, the additional probability of triumph below this model. The input is habitually communicating the spreading out dream with others or franchisees who share the common interest in flattering part of the business expansion story, expecting problems of these groups and identifying solutions to make it happen (MSA 2013). Legal aspects of franchising Franchising is generally governed by federal and state laws in Australia, besides being good relationship, one of the crucial factors for success. The legal aspects are that both the parties must be crystal clear in term of franchisee relationship, fees structure of franchising. The territories, rights and other obligations of franchising, payment methods for money transfer, also the risk sharing for development, training of staffs and also advertising. The rules and responsibilities of the franchisor and franchisee must be clearly mentioned in the franchisee agreement. According to the federal law, a franchisor cannot sell a franchisee of specific area until the closure of term of franchising. Conclusion and Recommendation The main issue is whether the Falafel which is a fast food restaurant can go for franchising for the business development. Upon analysing the market growth and prediction of fast food industry in the Australia, throws light on the development of industry. Although there prevails a strong competition from global players such as McDonalds, KFC, Pizza Hut etc and also few local players contribute to the significant decline in the sales of Falafel. Multi-tier franchising may be best option for the Falafel for the expansion and also it may provide the option for sustaining in the current competitive market. Multi-level franchising shares the business threat, competition, shares the risk. Also, it paves an ideal way for rapid profit, cash inflow and creates brand image and consumer awareness. The only disadvantage of going for multi level franchising is losing the control over the business. This can be avoided by good communication and weekly meetings. A large number of fast food restauran t businesses fail rapidly due to the proper business strategy. Franchising is a kind of division of labour which is cost effective way to achieve profit without spending large time and investment on the training employees. Also, it is a very convenient way to achieve and create niche market. Fast food always looks for easiest home delivery strategies in order to gain competitive edge and franchising in a multitier expands the restaurant and also quick home delivery for increasing brand value. So, this report strongly recommends the multilevel franchising for Falafel operation which might increase the sales and revenue in the Australian market. Reference: 2013. Which Franchising Structure Fits Your System? Simmons,D.,McKenzie,A.,Eaton,S.,Cox,N.,Khan,M.A.,Shaw,J.Zimmet,P.(2005). Choiceandavailabilityoftakeawayandrestaurant foodisnotrelatedtotheprevalenceofadultobesityinruralcommunities inAustralia. International Journal of Obesity,Vol. 29,703à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ 710. Siwik,V.P.,Senf,J.H.(2006).Foodcravings,ethnicityandotherfactorsrelatedToeatingout. Journal of the American College of Nutrition,Vol.25, Iss.(5),pp.382à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ 388.

The efffects of Louis 16th on France Essay Example For Students

The efffects of Louis 16th on France Essay The French Revolution was a significant milestone in European history,remembered by many in historical and literary works. The situation in France, mostlyunder the leadership of Louis XVI, had a negative influence in France, thus creating aperfect climate for the French Revolution. France was plagued by both debt, and poorFrance was poverty-stricken and burdened with some of the highest debts. On the financial side, Louis XVI was aided by: Finance Minister Anne Robert Jauques Turgot,and Interior Minister Chretien Guillaume de Lamoignon de Malesherbes (*The economicorigins of the French revolution, pg. 4). Louis introduced some of the most oppressivetaxes and instituted financial reforms. Greater reforms were prevented by the oppositionof the upper classes and court. This opposition was so strong that Turgot was forced toresign and was replaced by Jauques Necker. Lengthy wars, the support to the AmericanRevolution and the gross amount of taxes paid and the lavish spending of the courtcontributed to the huge national debt. The governments financial problems were madeworse after 1740 by the renewal of costly wars (the French revolution, pg. 9). We will write a custom essay on The efffects of Louis 16th on France specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The war ofthe Austrian Succession (1740-1748) and the Seven Years War (1756-1763) wereEuropean wars over the domination of central Europe and colonial and commercial warsbetween France and Great Britain (*Aspects of the French Revolution pg.). At theirend, in 1763 France had lost almost all of its colonial empire in America and India. In1778 the French launched an attack against Britain in the American Revolution. Theywere hoping to weaken old rivalries and regain lost colonies. The hopes of the Frenchwere not realized and their participation in the war increased an already heavy nationaldebt. After Louis XVI granted financial aid (1778-81) to the American coloniesrevolting against Great Britain, Necker proposed drastic taxes on the nobility. Neckerwas forced to resign in 1781 (Louis XVI and M. Antoinette ..pg 37) because of thediscontentment of the people. Charles Alexandre deCalonne replaced him in 1783 andborrowed money for the court until the borrowing limit was reached (* CanadianEncyclopedia ref: france, revolution ). The anger of the French people against taxes,debt and lavish spending on the Court resulted in the recall of Necker in 1788, who stillcould not prevent bankruptcy of the government. During the next couple of years thefinancial crisis steadily worsened, because the government was bankrupt. Louis wasforced to call a meeting with a delegate of the Estates-General, ( a government groupconsisting of representatives of the clergy, nobility and commoners). Once in themeeting the Estates-General took power of the government. One of the other causes ofthe national debt was at the fault of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. Louis XVI wasdescribed as not overly intelligent, weak and incapable king (* Encarta, ref: Louis XVI). But he was intelligent enough to get money from the government. It was well knownthat Louis was more concerned with his own personal affairs than with the interests ofthe court and the people. Often work bored him and he left his work up to his advisorsan ministers. He preferred to spend a lot time and the peoples money on extravagantthings, and his wife. Rather than paying back previous debts and helping the situation,he increased taxes on the peasants and spent more money, worsening the predicament. By 1787, the national debt was 112,000,000 livres(* the French Revolution, Albert. ..pg. 25) and continued to get worse, sharpening the national debt even more. .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618 , .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618 .postImageUrl , .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618 , .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618:hover , .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618:visited , .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618:active { border:0!important; } .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618:active , .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618 .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2929487a6390a5251286c9f5f85f7618:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: June 1932 Birth Control Essay In the time leading up into and during the French Revolution there was classtensions, often between the nobility and the peasants. There were also poor livingconditions. Some say that these situations are not Louis XVIs fault but were problemshe inherited with the throne. So he cannot be blamed for the events leading into theFrench Revolution. In this time period there were class tensions. The nobles had all theprivileges and rights. The peasants were stepped on from every angle. So what madethe nobles so desirable? There was glamour, distinction and recognition that the noblestatues brought. They had a range of privileges that they received. Nobles tookprecedence on public occasions, and carried swords. (the French Revolution, sydenham,.. pg 61)They were entitled to a trial at a special courts. They also enjoyed financialadvantages. They paid no duties on transferring feudal property and nobility conferredexemption from

Free Essays on Robert Browning

Robert Browning’s poem â€Å"My last Duchess† is spoken from the perspective of the Duke and conveys the Dukes personality through the literary form of a dramatic monologue. It involves a fictional account of the Duke addressing an envoy from the Count to talk of details for the hopeful marriage to the Count’s daughter. The subtitle of this monologue is â€Å"Ferrara,† which suggests an historical reference to Alfonso II, the fifth Duke of Ferrara in Italy in the mid-sixteenth century. The objective of the Duke is to attempt to sway the envoy’s opinion of himself to obtain the maximum dowry possible in pursuit of this marriage. The reader is directed to imagine the Duke walking with the envoy through his art gallery and the Duke stops to show him a painting of his last Duchess that is presently covered by a curtain. â€Å"Since none puts by / the curtain I have drawn for you, but I† (9-10). This curtain is the first reference to the Dukes selfish, jealous, and protective traits. The Duke uses the curtain as a method of controlling his wife, even after her death. Other men admiring her beauty was unacceptable, so by hiding the painting behind a curtain, he controls who is allowed to gaze upon her. â€Å"Sir, ‘twas not / her husband’s presence only, called that spot / of joy into the Duchess’ cheek† (13-15). The Duke mentions the blush on the cheek that the duchess has in the painting and assumes that Fr Pandolf, the painter, was attracted to the Duchess and possibly paid her a compliment. â€Å"Her mantle laps Over my lady’s wrist too much,’ or ‘Paint Must never hope to reproduce the faint Half-flush that dies along her throat.† (16-19) The Duke assumes that Fr Pandolf was most likely flirting with the Duchess and that she was flirting back with him. This demonstrates that the Duke was extremely jealous and could not stand to have his wife admired by other men. The Duke is not happy with the manner in w... Free Essays on Robert Browning Free Essays on Robert Browning Robert Browning’s poem â€Å"My last Duchess† is spoken from the perspective of the Duke and conveys the Dukes personality through the literary form of a dramatic monologue. It involves a fictional account of the Duke addressing an envoy from the Count to talk of details for the hopeful marriage to the Count’s daughter. The subtitle of this monologue is â€Å"Ferrara,† which suggests an historical reference to Alfonso II, the fifth Duke of Ferrara in Italy in the mid-sixteenth century. The objective of the Duke is to attempt to sway the envoy’s opinion of himself to obtain the maximum dowry possible in pursuit of this marriage. The reader is directed to imagine the Duke walking with the envoy through his art gallery and the Duke stops to show him a painting of his last Duchess that is presently covered by a curtain. â€Å"Since none puts by / the curtain I have drawn for you, but I† (9-10). This curtain is the first reference to the Dukes selfish, jealous, and protective traits. The Duke uses the curtain as a method of controlling his wife, even after her death. Other men admiring her beauty was unacceptable, so by hiding the painting behind a curtain, he controls who is allowed to gaze upon her. â€Å"Sir, ‘twas not / her husband’s presence only, called that spot / of joy into the Duchess’ cheek† (13-15). The Duke mentions the blush on the cheek that the duchess has in the painting and assumes that Fr Pandolf, the painter, was attracted to the Duchess and possibly paid her a compliment. â€Å"Her mantle laps Over my lady’s wrist too much,’ or ‘Paint Must never hope to reproduce the faint Half-flush that dies along her throat.† (16-19) The Duke assumes that Fr Pandolf was most likely flirting with the Duchess and that she was flirting back with him. This demonstrates that the Duke was extremely jealous and could not stand to have his wife admired by other men. The Duke is not happy with the manner in w...

How to Win at What You Love (i.e., The Art of Diligence)

How to Win at What You Love (i.e., The Art of Diligence) I’ve always majored in the â€Å"make lemonade† school of surviving hard knocks, with a minor in â€Å"follow your bliss,† so after I was laid off from my job producing special projects for a local public radio station, I decided to go for it – writing books. A friend who’d heard my last big radio project – a series of three half-hours about climate change – told me I should turn it into a nonfiction book. In fact, I’d been working on a novel for about two years very slowly but the idea of doing a nonfiction book was new. The day after my last day at work I attended a local writing conference, pitched my concept to three agents, and used their feedback to reshape my idea. And I discovered an amazing array of possibilities on the web for grants, fellowships and residencies: -Poets and Writers: pw.org/toolsforwriters -Mira’s List:miraslist.com/ Alliance of Artists Communitiesartistcommunities.org/ -Res Artis:resartis.org/en/ -Writers Editors: writersandeditors.com/awards__grants__fellowships_57698.htm But it wasn’t until I found Hope Clark’s newsletters that her positive energy inspired me to start applying. My book is set in the eight states where I’ve lived, so I’ll need to travel back to each of them. I was born in Michigan, where I found ISLAND’s Hill House artist residency http://artmeetsearth.org/artistresidency.html which has an environmental focus that’s a great fit for my project. Still, I was amazed to be accepted on my first try. Next, I applied for a grant from my local arts agency, the Regional Arts Culture Consortium http://racc.org . The proposal was daunting – everything from drawing up a budget to planning for a public event, so I went to RACC’s Open House and took advantage of the agency’s offer to review grant proposals turned in a couple of weeks early. I got terrific input, and had time to strengthen my application enough that I was awarded $5,000, some of which will fund a travel blog. So far, so good. My â€Å"platform† as an environmental journalist, and years of writing on deadline doubtlessly helped me submit polished applications. But could I make the leap to winning funding on the basis of my fiction?    This year, I took the plunge – and was accepted as a Hawthorne Fellow at The Attic Institute in Portland. It’s not free, but it’s competitive. I was also accepted to the Tin House writing conference, and won another residency http://springcreek.oregonstate.edu/residencies.html where I’ll go to write up what I learn doing my RACC funded research. Here’s what I’ve learned: -target your proposal to funders and residencies that mesh with your project; -start with agencies that are local, or at least local to the setting   of your book; -apply for the least attractive times -do your homework; -take any coaching you’re offered; -be willing to invest some money in yourself; -find a day job while you’re writing. I admit I’ve been lucky. After my layoff, I was offered a chance to produce television projects on a contract basis. When I’m at leisure (unemployed), I look for work and collect unemployment. And I write on two books!

Please discuss, in general terms, how Brazil might capitalise on this Essay

Please discuss, in general terms, how Brazil might capitalise on this opportunity to ensure success in the global market - Essay Example Although globalization has facilitated Brazil in this respect, the economy has to confront several issues, such as foreign direct investment and national differences among political economy, which can possibly influence the economic and commercial performance by the country. This report provides an overview of the position of Brazil as a major agricultural and fuel exporter in the world economy. It also provides insights on the issues that the economy has to handle and recommends on how Brazil can further capitalize on its position to ensure long term success in the international market. Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 Globalization and its effects 4 Globalization in Brazil 5 Production of ethanol in Brazil 7 Environmental and ethical issues faced by Brazil owing to ethanol production 8 Ethical issues 8 Foreign Direct Investment 9 National Differences in Political Economy 10 Exports and Imports situation 10 Conclusion and Recommendations 11 References 13 Appendix 15 Introductio n The Brazilian economy has been exhibiting high rates of economic growth, although the country is still plagued with various issues and imbalances. One of the primary reasons is that Brazil has a vast and strong domestic market that facilitates the development of a stable equilibrium of its demand and supply. This attribute of the economy imparts to it the confidence to maintain its growth rate. The support of the internal factors such as a strong domestic market builds up the ability of the economy to continue growing at this pace and ensures that it is protected from the vulnerabilities of the external competitive world. This leads to sustainable development of the country. However, in order to increase Brazil’s presence in the world market, the economy has to adhere to the policies and regulations and increase its focus on making innovations. Globalization and its effects The world economy is experiencing a major shift since the beginning of the 19th century. The 19th cen tury marked the beginning of a phenomenon known as globalization. Although globalization is believed by scholars to have a long history, the onset of ‘modern globalization’ is said to have been in the 19th century (O'Rourke and Williamson, 2000). The 19th century imperialism had made a huge contribution to shape the modern form of globalization when the European countries conquered many parts of the world, including the sub-Saharan Africa (Economic-geography, 2012). In the mid twentieth century, globalization was driven largely by the multinational corporations most of which were based in the United States. During this period the world saw a wide spread of the American culture. Two factors of the macro environment might be held responsible to lead the way towards globalization. Firstly, the barriers to the â€Å"free flow of goods, services, and capital† (Hill, 2011, p. 12) have been on the decline after the World War II ended. The second factor is the advent of disruptive technology that has brought swift and vast changes in the fields of communication, transfer of knowledge and information and processing of information. According to Hill, globalization is a shift in the economic and social functioning of the different economies towards an integrated and more interdependent economic system. This process can be broadly segmented into two facets; namely, globalization of the markets and globalization of the production process (Hill, 2011). There is a wide assortment of markets in the different countries, each of which has its own

International HR Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

International HR Management - Essay Example International human resource management builds on the tenets of human resource management by having a consideration on what the human resource concepts mean in different nations of the world. This has been necessitated by the fact that as companies and organizations become international in nature, the issues touching on national culture, institutions and systems can hinder a seamless or functioning human resource and employment relations that are present across the national boundaries (Edwards and Rees 2006, p.45). Therefore, it can be stated that the need for people involved in human resource management to adopt an increasingly international approach cannot be gainsaid. This is important not just to people involved in the big multinational enterprises but also to those running small and medium-sized enterprises that are present across national boundaries. ... India In 2009, India had the second largest population in the world with a population of 1.2 billion and it is the tenth largest economy world-wide in terms of the Gross Development Product (GDP) with the fourth largest purchasing power parity (Kohli and Singh 2013, p. 189). According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), India is ranked at number 141 in terms of per-capita- revenue basis based on the GDP and 130 in purchasing power parity in the year 2012. Being the third largest economy in the world when measured in terms of the purchasing power parity, India is a preferred destination for foreign direct investment (FDI) attracting inflows of U.S. $ 36.5 billion in the year 2011 alone. Soon after independence in 1947, India’s economy was based on both features of capitalism and socialism that entailed interventionist policies and other policies aimed at substituting imports that was to blame for the corruption and failure in the implementation of the policies. However, f rom 1991 India’s economy has been based on liberal and free-market economy policies that have led to the increases in per-capita incomes of India. It is important to note that the taker-off of the economy of India has been largely due to the infrastructural projects taken by successive regimes since 1991. The labour force in India is made of about 500 million people employed in the major industries such as agriculture made up of 52%, industries taking up 14% and services made up of 34% of those employed according to the estimates in 2009. Most Indians are employed in the major industries mainly in textiles, chemicals, food processing, cement, mining and petroleum while

Nature vs. Nurture Essay Example for Free

Nature vs. Nurture Essay Homosexuality, Addictions and Intelligence There have always been disputes on whether the decision to be homosexual or heterosexual was based on biological or environmental factors. These disputes are known as the Nature vs. Nurture argument. The two sides argue over how gender is chosen within a person. Based on reproductive organs, sex is easily determined at birth: male or female. Gender, however; is the sexual identity an individual takes on. It is possible for sex and gender to be different. For an example of nurture children who were both born with an injured or damaged reproductive organ, males usually can be raised successfully as females. In order to understand which factor is the deciding factor of a person’s gender, both sides of the case must be fully evaluated. DNA studies which appear to prove that gender is a genetic trait. Researchers have analyzed the makeup of the human brain of homosexuals and heterosexuals seeking a connection between gender and the brains physiology. They found when studying the part of the brain directly related to a persons’ sexual drive, that homosexuals had an enlarged hypothalamus, whereas heterosexuals had a normal one indicating a direct correlation between the brain and gender selections (AllPsych). In researching DNA’s role in gender identity, some scientist have identified the gene that determines a person’s sexual preference. Although there are mounting evidence of the existence of a â€Å"gay gene, â€Å"the opposition denies the existence (AllPsych). People in support of the Nurture argument claim that is an individual conscious or subconscious decision as to his or her gender identify. While many claim that people may control their sexual orientation, their brain, and not the other way around are actually controlling them. A person DNA and brain physiology control sexual preference which may be associated in the amygdale of the limbic system (Pscyhsmart). When scientist castrated the rats, stopping the creation of androgen, the male rats became submissive. When the androgen was given to the female rats, they began to display masculine behaviors. This experiment resulted in the male rat being submissive and allowing the female rat to  mount the male, unlike the normal male rat that would mount the female when engaging in reproduction ( Lippa 102). Similar to humans, if male do not have proper balance of hormones with his body, he may show feminine traits. These hormones are a biological aspect of gender that affects the decision to be homosexual or heterosexual. On the other hand, for the purpose of this discussion, addiction can take many forms, including not only substance use disorders, but also pathologic gambling, bulimia, and a host of other disorders. Dependency, abuse, and addiction are used relatively interchangeably; however, there is ongoing debate within the field regarding the best terminology. Furthermore, differences in how these phenotypes are surrounded can have an impact on the results of gene discovery efforts. Genetic loci that have been consistently associated with various forms of substance addiction, as well as those that demonstrate relevance to pharmacologic treatment. While the nature vs. nurture debate has raged, is the contribution of interactions between genetics and environment. In reality, gene expression is environment dependent and it impossible to obtain pure estimates of genetic vs. environmental contribution one could not exist without the other. The environment a child experiences is partly a consequence of the child’s genes as well as external factors. To some extent a person seeks out and creates his or her environment. If she is of a mechanical bent she practices mechanical skills; if a bookworm, she seeks out books. Thus genes may create an appetite rather than an aptitude. Remember that the high heritability of short-sightedness is accounted for not just by the heritability of a gene for short sightedness but by the heritability of literate habits. Conversely, on the discussion of intelligence, there are three facts about the transmission of intelligence that virtually everyone seems to accept: 1. Both heredity and environment contribute to intelligence. 2. Heredity and environment interact in various ways. 3. Extremely poor as well as highly enriched environments can interfere with the realization of a persons intelligence, regardless of the persons heredity (Sternberg Grigorenko, 1997, p.xi). Intelligence that appears to relate to ability to reason abstractly, to learn and to adapt. In closing, homosexuality, addictions and intelligence have reliable  statistical relationships with important social phenomena, but they are a limited tool for deciding what to make of any given individual. As stated by Ridley, Mother Nature has plainly not entrusted our genetic capacities to the blind fate of a gene or genes; she gave us parents, learning, language, culture and education to program ourselves with. WORKS CITED: Johnson, Ryan D. AllPsych (2005). â€Å"Homosexuality: Nature or Nurture†. Ridley, M. (1999). Genome: The autobiography of a species in 23 chapters. London: Fourth Estate Ltd. Sternberg, R. J., Grigorenko, E. (Eds.) (1997). Intelligence, heredity, and environment. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Hegel: Reason in History Essay -- Philosophy History Essays

Hegel: Reason in History The second chapter of the Introduction to the Philosophy of History bears the title "Reason in History"; however, careful study reveals that it could just as aptly been dubbed Reason is History or better, History is Reason. Although Reason exists in a finite form within the human being, the whole—infinite Reason—is necessarily greater than the sum of its parts—the sum of finite Reasons. Hegel's Reason is the infinite material of all reality—the substance, form, and power. History is the increasing self-consciousness of the Spirit i.e. Reason; that is, a progressive increase of Reason within the world. This relationship between history and Reason is expressed by Hegel's agreement with Leibniz that this is the best of all possible worlds. In other words, everything is as it should be. In fact, Hegel makes strong assertions along just these lines, "that [Reason] reveals itself in the world, and that nothing else is revealed in the world but that Idea itself, its glory and majesty (12-13)." It is from this idea that Hegel derives the point that "Re... Hegel: Reason in History Essay -- Philosophy History Essays Hegel: Reason in History The second chapter of the Introduction to the Philosophy of History bears the title "Reason in History"; however, careful study reveals that it could just as aptly been dubbed Reason is History or better, History is Reason. Although Reason exists in a finite form within the human being, the whole—infinite Reason—is necessarily greater than the sum of its parts—the sum of finite Reasons. Hegel's Reason is the infinite material of all reality—the substance, form, and power. History is the increasing self-consciousness of the Spirit i.e. Reason; that is, a progressive increase of Reason within the world. This relationship between history and Reason is expressed by Hegel's agreement with Leibniz that this is the best of all possible worlds. In other words, everything is as it should be. In fact, Hegel makes strong assertions along just these lines, "that [Reason] reveals itself in the world, and that nothing else is revealed in the world but that Idea itself, its glory and majesty (12-13)." It is from this idea that Hegel derives the point that "Re...

Problem of Evil Essay

The traditional problem of evil emerges when people believe in and argue for the existence of a God who is both omnipotent and wholly good. According to Mackie’s study (1955), few of the solutions to the problem of evil could stand up to criticism. Today, someone suggests an alternative: God is not perfectly good, but maximally cool. By cool he means to be free from tension or violence. Since God is maximally cool, he is not so much concerned about either eliminating evil or maximizing goodness than promoting coolness. This God appears to be logically valid, but this essay will show that the existence of such God is impossible. First, we should ask this: if God aims to promote coolness, why would he bother to create evil? It is clear that evil is not cool, given that evil creates tension and violence. It may be replied that God is maximally cool and therefore creates anything based on his will and is not concerned with what happens to his creation afterwards. This reply is arguing that God created some cool thing which later then turned into the uncool evil. Then, the fact that uncool evil exists implies that God cannot make this uncool evil to be cool again, which contradicts with the premise that God is omnipotent. Secondly, good is also uncool. According to most theists, good is defined to be opposite to evil and thus always fights to expel evil (Mackie, 1955), so that good is in constant tension and possible violence with evil. Though the God in argument is claimed to be not perfectly good, this God is still good to a certain degree. Then he will still fights against evil and therefore is not always cool. This leads us to conclude that this God cannot be maximum cool. This guy in defense of the existence of a maximally cool God might argue that uncool is necessary as a counterpart to cool. It seems natural and necessary to consider why there should be uncool things if God is maximum cool. He might argue that if there were no uncool, there could be no cool either, in that if there were no violence or tension to be created and involved in, there could be no violence or tension to be free from. It might be that out of randomness, God created evil that generates tension and good that engages in tension against evil. To detach from involvement in tension or to destroy tension might create another tension and may incur violence. If God were to eliminate uncool things that he created, he would enter a tension between cool and uncool. Then, it would be uncool to make uncool things cool. Because God is maximally cool, he will not enter such tension and therefore he leaves good and evil as uncool as they are. By claiming that cool cannot exist without uncool, this guy shows that God cannot create cool without simultaneously creating uncool. This sets a limit to what God can do, which involves two possibilities: either God is not omnipotent or that omnipotence has some limits. If it is the first case, then we can deny the existence of a God who is omnipotent and maximally cool. If it is the second case, one may argue that these limits are logically impossibility. However, according to Mackie (1955), some theists hold the view that God can do what is logically impossible, while many theists maintain that God created logic. This leads us to the paradox of omnipotence, where we consider whether an omnipotent being can bind himself. According to Mackie, although we can avoid the paradox of omnipotence by putting God outside time, we cannot prove that an omnipotent God binds himself by logical laws. Therefore, it is a fallacious approach to prove the existence of a maximally cool and omnipotent by claiming that cool and uncool are counterparts to each other. To summarize, if a God is omniscience, then he must know the existence of uncool. If he is omnipotent and maximum cool, he will promote coolness to the maximum. However, we observe that there are uncool things which are against God’s will to promote coolness and which God cannot make them cool. Therefore, a God that is omniscience, omnipotent and maximally cool cannot exist. Works Cited J. L. Mackie, â€Å"Evil and Omnipotence,† Mind, New Series, Vol. 64, No. 254. (Apr. , 1955), pp. 200-212. In Pascal’s Wager, Pascal concludes that rationality requires people to wager for god. He bases his argument on mainly three premises. The first premise is his construct of the decision matrix of rewards. The second premise suggests that we are required by rationality to assign positive and not infinitesimal probability to God existing. The third premise states that we are required by rationality to perform the act of possible maximum expected utility. This essay will argue that Pascal’s Wager does not demonstrate solid prudential reasons for us to believe in God, by showing the third premise is not necessarily true. We consider that it is not in all cases that we are required by rationality to maximize expected utility. In Pascal’s Wager, we pay ‘one life’ to wager for God and obtain infinite expected utility. Paying finite amount to play a game with infinite expectation appear to be at our interests and can therefore serve as a prudential reason for us to wager for God. However, in certain cases, this action could be regarded as absurd and alternatively, and to the contrary, taking intuitively sub-optimal actions would actually maximize the expected utility. For example, the St. Petersburg paradox could be representative of this kind of situations. In the St. Petersburg game (Martin, 2011), we keep flipping a coin until we get a coin. The total number of flips, n, yields the prize which equals $2n. There are infinite sum of flips possible, so we have infinite number of possible consequences. The expected payoff of each consequence is $1 and therefore the ‘expected value’ of the game, which equals the sum of the expected payoffs of all the consequences, will be an infinite number of dollars. Then, intuitively we will be willing to play the game as long as we only need to pay a finite number of dollars, given that the ‘expected value’ of the game is infinite. However, Hacking (1980) suggested that â€Å"few of us would pay even $25 to enter such a game. † If we were to pay $25 for the game, half of the time we receive $2 and one quarter of the time the game pays $4, so the probability to break-even is less than one in twenty five. Still, because of the very small possibility of the number of flips to be greater than $25, the expected payoff of the game is larger than the $25 payment. According to standard Bayesian decision theory (Martin, 2011), we should play this game. Then again, because of the very small possibility of getting high enough payment, it is very likely that we will need to flip a coin longer than our physical possibility. In that sense, it will be absurd to pay this finite amount and flip longer than physical constraints for the infinite expected payoff. Therefore, it is not always true that rationality will require us to perform the act that yields maximal expected utility. In the St. Petersburg game we experiment infinitely many trials which yield infinite expectation. In Pascal’s wager, we have a single-trial which also yields infinite expectation. It seems natural for Pascal to assume that expectation is a good guide to solve this decision problem. However, according to Hajek (2012), we need to take variance into consideration to make better decision, because in this one-time shot, a large variance could lead us to an outcome which is much worse than the expectation. When the variance is small, it is probable to get an outcome close to the expectation. However, the further the distribution of outcomes spreads out, the more likely it is to get a bad outcome, and the less compelling the third premise seems to be. Assuming that the expectation of wagering for God is infinite, we can calculate the variance of the outcomes of the wager. Given the infinitely good of the good outcome and the status quo of the bad outcome, the variance is infinite. In the case of an infinite variance, due to our risk-aversion, we might be better off choosing to minimize variance than maximizing our expected utility. Indeed, if f2 is made as low as possible, the variance of wagering for God would be much greater than wagering against God. If the probability of the probability of receiving infinite good, is made as low as possible, the resulted variance might make we deviate much further away from the expected utility in an undesirable direction. Both cases above could happen, and if they do, we would feel less compelled by our rationality to maximize our expected utility because the large variance could lead us to a situation that is much worse than expectation. To summarize, Pascal’s premise three is not necessarily true. This premise says that we are required by nationality to maximize expected utility where there is one available. However, the St. Petersburg paradox suggests that rationality does not always require us to maximize our expected utility. Furthermore, in consideration of large variance, expectation might not be a good measure of choiceworthiness (Hajek, 2012). Without the validity of premise three, we cannot draw the conclusion that rationality requires us to wager for God. Therefore, Pascal’s wager does not solidly demonstrate that we have prudential reasons to believe in God. Works Cited Hajek, Alan, â€Å"Pascal’s Wager†, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2012 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed. ), URL = http://plato. stanford. edu/archives/win2012/entries/pascal-wager/ Martin, Robert, â€Å"The St. Petersburg Paradox†, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2011 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = . Hacking, Ian, 1980, â€Å"Strange Expectations†, Philosophy of Science 47: 562-567. According to Pollock (1986), you might be a brain floating in a vat filled with nutrient fluid. You do not realize that you are a brain in a vat because this brain is wired to a computer program that produces stimulation in brain to cause experiences that are qualitatively indistinguishable from normal experiences of being a human being. The problem lies exactly in that whether you are a brain in a vat or not, everything seems to be the same to you. Many philosophers have attempted to prove that you are not a brain in a vat and their approaches seem to be valid. Among those, Moore’s argument and Putnam’s argument are two influential but different approaches. This essay tries to show that you cannot use either of these arguments to prove that you are not a brain in a vat. While going through Moore’s argument seems to be an easy way to show that you are not a BIV (brain in a vat), it is not difficult to show how this approach is flawed either. By Moore’s argument, first you open your eyes and form perceptual knowledge that you have hands. Then you deduce that you are not a BIV which does not have hands and thereby you come to know that conclusion. However, it should be argued in the first place that your senses are not reliable. As Descartes argued in Meditations (1986), while you might form the perception that you are wearing a dress in the dream, you are actually undressed in your bed. The flaw in the logic of this approach can be demonstrated in the following analogous story. You see an empty glass on a table. The glass looks orange and in fact it is. You form perceptual knowledge that the glass is orange. You deduce that it is not colorless and filled with orange juice. You thereby come to know that the glass does not appear orange to you because it is colorless with orange juice filled in it. By assuming that there is orange juice in the glass, you establish that the glass does not appear orange to you because it is colorless with orange juice filled in it. Here the problem is that there is no orange juice and you are trying to prove there is orange juicy by assuming its existence. For the same token, if you are a BIV, then the hands that you perceive are hands* produced by one feature of the computer program. The premise asserting that you form a perception of hands is assuming that you are not a BIV and therefore can form a perceptual knowledge of hands. This is begging the question because we want to prove that we are not BIV. Therefore, you cannot prove that you are not a BIV by going through Moore’s argument. Another famous discussion is Putnam’s semantic arguments. One problem of this approach is the narrow scope of the arguments. Putnam started his arguments by drawing analogy between the mental image of a Martian and that of a BIV. Claiming that Mars does not have tree, Putnam established that BIV’s utterance of ‘tree’ has a different referent from the referent of a non-BIV speaking of a tree. While it is possible that you have always been a BIV since you come into being, so you have never seen a tree that a non-BIV sees. It is also possible that you have lived certain part of your life as a non-BIV and then at some point you are made into a BIV. For example, if you recall in The Problems of Knowledge (Pollock, 1986), by the time that Margot tells Mike that he is a brain in a vat, he has been a brain in a vat for three months. According to Margot, Henry, or the brain in a vat that Mike sees, receives a fictitious mental life that merges perfectly into Henry’s past life. To merge perfectly, the language and its referents that the computer generates for Henry must be indistinguishable from those before his envatment. Similarly, if Mike has been speaking English up until three months ago when he was envatted, his utterance of ‘Margot’ after envatment must have the same referent as the one he had before. It must be that now his words retain the same English referents to the same contents in order to achieve a perfect merge (Brueckner, 2012). This perfect merge makes brain* in a vat* the same as BIV, which means whether you are BIV or not, you always speak English rather than vat-English. Because there are no differences in the languages between BIV and non-BIV, the semantic arguments have nowhere to start in this case. Unless you know with certainty that all BIVs have been BIVs since they came into beings, you cannot use semantic arguments to prove that you are not a BIV. To summarize, Moore’s arguments appear to be an easy solution to the problem of knowledge, but these arguments are begging the question and therefore cannot refute the brain-in-a-vat hypotheses. It seems that Putnam’s arguments are more compelling, but still they fail to rule out all possible versions of the brain-in-a-vat hypotheses. Therefore, you cannot prove that you are a non-BIV by using either of these arguments. Works Cited Descartes, Rene. Meditations on First Philosophy. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1960. Print. Pollock, John L. Contemporary Theories of Knowledge. Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Littlefield, 1986. Print. Brueckner, Tony, â€Å"Skepticism and Content Externalism†, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2012 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed. ), URL = .

Deception Point Page 104

Where's Michael? She didn't see him. Her panic lasted only an instant as a new fear descended. Overhead, the Triton's shredded winch cable let out an ominous whipping noise as the braids unraveled. Then, there was a loud snap, and Rachel felt the cable give way. Momentarily weightless, Rachel hovered above her seat inside the cockpit as the sub hurtled downward. The deck disappeared overhead, and the catwalks under the Goya raced by. The soldier trapped in the claws went white with fear, staring at Rachel as the sub accelerated downward. The fall seemed endless. When the sub crashed into the sea beneath the Goya, it plunged hard under the surf, ramming Rachel down hard into her seat. Her spine compressed as the illuminated ocean raced up over the dome. She felt a suffocating drag as the sub slowed to a stop underwater and then raced back toward the surface, bobbing up like a cork. The sharks hit instantly. From her front-row seat, Rachel sat frozen in place as the spectacle unfolded only a few feet away. Delta-Two felt the shark's oblong head crash into him with unimaginable force. A razor sharp clamp tightened on his upper arm, slicing to the bone and locking on. A flash of white-hot pain exploded as the shark torqued its powerful body and shook its head violently, tearing Delta-Two's arm off his body. Others sharks moved in. Knives stabbing at his legs. Torso. Neck. Delta-Two had no breath to scream in agony as the sharks ripped huge chunks of his body away. The last thing he saw was a crescent-shaped mouth, tilting sideways, a gorge of teeth clamping down across his face. The world went black. Inside the Triton, the thudding of heavy cartilaginous heads ramming into the dome finally subsided. Rachel opened her eyes. The man was gone. The water washing against the window was crimson. Badly battered, Rachel huddled in her chair, knees pulled to her chest. She could feel the sub moving. It was drifting on the current, scraping along the length of the Goya's lower dive deck. She could feel it moving in another direction as well. Down. Outside, the distinctive gurgling of water into the ballast tanks grew louder. The ocean inched higher on the glass in front of her. I'm sinking! A jolt of terror shot through Rachel, and she was suddenly scrambling to her feet. Reaching overhead, she grabbed the hatch mechanism. If she could climb up on top of the sub, she still had time to jump onto the Goya's dive deck. It was only a few feet away. I've got to get out! The hatch mechanism was clearly marked which way to turn it to open. She heaved. The hatch did not budge. She tried again. Nothing. The portal was jammed shut. Bent. As the fear rose in her blood like the sea around her, Rachel heaved one last time. The hatch did not move. The Triton sank a few inches deeper, bumping the Goya one last time before drifting out from underneath the mangled hull†¦ and into the open sea. 126 â€Å"Don't do this,† Gabrielle begged the senator as he finished at the copy machine. â€Å"You're risking your daughter's life!† Sexton blocked out her voice, moving back to his desk now with ten identical stacks of photocopies. Each stack contained copies of the pages Rachel had faxed him, including her handwritten note claiming the meteorite was a fake and accusing NASA and the White House of trying to kill her. The most shocking media kits ever assembled, Sexton thought, as he began carefully inserting each stack into its own large, white linen envelope. Each envelope bore his name, office address, and senatorial seal. There would be no doubt where this incredible information had originated. The political scandal of the century, Sexton thought, and I will be the one to reveal it! Gabrielle was still pleading for Rachel's safety, but Sexton heard only silence. As he assembled the envelopes, he was in his own private world. Every political career has a defining moment. This is mine. William Pickering's phone message had warned that if Sexton went public, Rachel's life would be in danger. Unfortunately for Rachel, Sexton also knew if he went public with proof of NASA's fraud, that single act of boldness would land him in the White House with more decisiveness and political drama than ever before witnessed in American politics. Life is filled with difficult decisions, he thought. And winners are those who make them. Gabrielle Ashe had seen this look in Sexton's eyes before. Blind ambition. She feared it. And with good reason, she now realized. Sexton was obviously prepared to risk his daughter in order to be the first to announce the NASA fraud. â€Å"Don't you see you've already won?† Gabrielle demanded. â€Å"There's no way Zach Herney and NASA will survive this scandal. No matter who makes it public! No matter when it comes out! Wait until you know Rachel is safe. Wait until you talk to Pickering!† Sexton was clearly no longer listening to her. Opening his desk drawer, he pulled out a foil sheet on which were affixed dozens of nickel-sized, self-adhesive wax seals with his initials on them. Gabrielle knew he usually used these for formal invitations, but he apparently thought a crimson wax seal would give each envelope an extra touch of drama. Peeling the circular seals off the foil, Sexton pressed one onto the pleat of each envelope, sealing it like a monogrammed epistle. Gabrielle's heart pulsed now with a new anger. She thought of the digitized images of illegal checks in his computer. If she said anything, she knew he would just delete the evidence. â€Å"Don't do this,† she said, â€Å"or I'll go public about our affair.† Sexton laughed out loud as he affixed the wax seals. â€Å"Really? And you think they'll believe you-a power-hungry aide denied a post in my administration and looking for revenge at any cost? I denied our involvement once, and the world believed me. I'll simply deny it again.† â€Å"The White House has photos,† Gabrielle declared. Sexton did not even look up. â€Å"They don't have photos. And even if they did, they're meaningless.† He affixed the final wax seal. â€Å"I have immunity. These envelopes out-trump anything anyone could possibly throw at me.† Gabrielle knew he was right. She felt utterly helpless as Sexton admired his handiwork. On his desk sat ten elegant, white linen envelopes, each embossed with his name and address and secured with a crimson wax seal bearing his scripted initials. They looked like royal letters. Certainly kings had been crowned on account of less potent information. Sexton picked up the envelopes and prepared to leave. Gabrielle stepped over and blocked his way. â€Å"You're making a mistake. This can wait.† Sexton's eyes bored into her. â€Å"I made you, Gabrielle, and now I've unmade you.† â€Å"That fax from Rachel will give you the presidency. You owe her.† â€Å"I've given her plenty.† â€Å"What if something happens to her!† â€Å"Then she'll cement my sympathy vote.† Gabrielle could not believe the thought had even crossed his mind, much less his lips. Disgusted, she reached for the phone. â€Å"I'm calling the White-â€Å" Sexton spun and slapped her hard across the face. Gabrielle staggered back, feeling her lip split open. She caught herself, grabbing on to the desk, staring up in astonishment at the man she had once worshiped. Sexton gave her a long, hard look. â€Å"If you so much as think of crossing me on this, I will make you regret it for the rest of your life.† He stood unflinching, clutching the stack of sealed envelopes under his arm. A harsh danger burned in his eyes. When Gabrielle exited the office building into the cold night air, her lip was still bleeding. She hailed a taxi and climbed in. Then, for the first time since she had come to Washington, Gabrielle Ashe broke down and cried.

buy custom Energy Production essay

buy custom Energy Production essay The search and exploration of energy in the U.S. has been a blessing in disguise as it has been welcomed by parties on one side but refuted by others on the other hand. The proponents have economical gains in mind while the naysayers have the environmental risks in mind. There are many case studies that have been done but this paper will consider just some of those cases in point. These include the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, the Yucca Mountain and the Three Gorges Dam. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Since 1980, oil exploration at the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge has been a bone of contention. Apart from accommodating wildlife, the refuge is near Prudhoe Bay where large oil deposits have been located and tapping of this valued resource is ongoing (over 14 billion barrels produced). The declining amount of oil reserves in Prudhoe Bay has prompted a search for new oil deposits like the nearby Arctic National Wild Refuge. The history of this animal sanctuary dates back to 1960 when congress declared its protection because of its wildlife. However, the department of the interior received permission to explore the oil potential of this animal rendezvous which was not to be for about five years. In 1994, half of the oil consumed by the U.S. was imported resulting into a proposition for oil drilling in the refuge. Even though the department of the Interior noted that this would harm the ecosystem, the proposition was vetoed by the House of Representatives and senate. Later on in 2005, the senate was of a contrary opinion to the drilling of oil although President George W. Bush was for the proposition earlier on in 2001. In 2008, the republican made it a top agenda to develop the Alaskan oil reserves resources in the inland states. The proponents of oil drilling mention economic benefits as a reason for pushing ahead with the proposal. They say that if America explores its own oil resources, equilibrium of trade will be boosted making the U.S. less dependent on foreign oil reserves. The naysayers on the other hand would want to protect this so called American Serengeti since it is a hub for a variety of animal species like arctic foxes, musk oxen, polar bear, snow gees, wolverine and Dall sheep. It also forms a base for the reproduction of the huge migrating herd of the caribou, plants like lichens, grasses, mosses, dwarf shrubs and sedges. All these organisms have undergone much to adapt to their tundra environmentand thus any imbalance brought by external forces would jeopardize their survival. While oil drilling is eliciting debate on the Arctic National Wildlife refuge, another natural resource as even increased tension: The Yucca Mountains. Yucca Mountain Another source of energy that has raised many eyebrows is the nuclear power. After reaching its peak operational usefulness, a nuclear power plant is closed either by entombment, storage or decommissioning. The later option, decommissioning, entails dismantling the plant by workers who wear protective clothing. The small sections of the plant are then transported to a repository for storage. The 1987 Nuclear Waste Policy Act amendment saw congress single out Yucca Mountain in Nevada as a permanent underground repository for high-level radioactive wastes. The proponents estimate that the Yucca Mountain can store 42,000-plus tons of the radioactive matters produced in the U.S. until 2025.When Yucca Mountains is full, another geologic repository will be identified. Several feasibility studies on the geology of the Yucca Mountain have been conducted courtesy of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).The findings have shown that the site is at least safe from earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. However, cost and public opposition have arisen as the setbacks. Notwithstanding the vehement opposition by the state of Nevada, Congress approved the choice of the Yucca Mountains. The naysayers think that the Yucca Mountain site-145km (90miles) northwest of Las Vegas-is near active earthquake fault lines and a volcano even though the last eruption may have taken place some 20,000 years ago. They fear that an earthquake may cause a rise in the water table leading to a contamination of the ground water and air. This was confirmed in 1992 when an earthquake of magnitude 5.6 occurred approximately 20km (12miles) from the Yucca Mountains. On the other hand, most of the gainsayers think that the change in water level caused by the disturbance is inconsiderable since the water table is some 800m (2625ft) below the crest of the mountain. In addition, the naysayers fear that the transportation of the high-level wastes over a distance averaging 2300 miles through 43 states to the Yucca Mountain, would put the health of the nearby population at risk. A staggering 8 states will bear the brunt of the radioactive material. The decommissioning is also an expensive process which causes a rise in utility bills. For instance, the Maaine Yankee decommissioning cost approximately US $635 million; its construction cost US $ 231 million. The Three Gorges Dam (TDG) A 632 km (412 miles) long reservoir found on the Yangtze River, the Three Gorges Dam is so called because it floods three upstream gorges. Its main reason for installation was to provide hydroelectric power. To begin with, the advantages of the TDG are numerous. It yields 18 GW of electric power which is the equivalent of a large coal or 18 nuclear power plants. Further, downstream floods are prevented leading to a boost to agricultural productivity. Moreover, the movement of large ships upstream is enabled on the one hand while recreation and commercial fishing is possible on the other hand. However, the negative ramifications of dam building cannot be belittled. The already extinct dolphin species of the Yangtze Rivers are endangered; at least 1.5 million citizens face displacement sometimes with little or no compensation; and submergence of canyon wall writings and historical and cultural treasures and pollution of the river by industrial wastes and contaminated sites during flooding. Even though agricultural productivity has improved downstream, arable land in the upstream region has been submerged thus affecting agriculture. More disadvantages are seen into the growing number of wat erborne diseases like schistosomiasis and malaria. The setting up of the dam has not been an easy feat as getting investors has been mired by lack of clarification on design, construction and effectiveness. Sedimentation of the dam has also proved to be an impediment to reasons for its installation like irrigation and hydropower. Conclusion In order to protect natural resources, animal and plan life, the conservationists propose that the government should invest in renewable energy sources (green technology) as the sustainable solution to the energy problem. Such technology includes the solar energy and other indirect solar energy sources like wind, ocean waves and temperature gradients in the deep sea. It is speculated that in the future it may be possible to produce power as a result of ocean temperature gradients. Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) is the technology that will take advantage of the temperature gradient in the deep seas and oceans to cool buildings and produce electricity. A case in point is the ongoing construction of the OTEC plant at Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii Authority on the islands of Hawaii. Buy custom Energy Production essay